WORLDSymposium 2025 Preliminary Program* on Lysosomal Diseases

On Monday afternoon, WORLDSymposium presents an exciting program, The Patient Voice 2025: Inequities in Access to Diagnosis, Care and Clinical Trials in Lysosomal Diseases The goal of this 1-hour CE-session is to discuss population inclusion and access to care and clinical trials regardless of diversity and socioeconomics, with a focus on improving patient care globally.

Following the Patient Voice session, the 3rd Annual Speed Mentoring Event will offer a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for attendees to meet with a wide variety of leaders and icons from the lysosomal and rare disease space. The evening concludes by celebrating 21 Years of WORLDSymposium, with the 3rd Annual “Be the Catalyst” event, an exciting event, open to all WORLDSymposium participants. This event provided opportunities to participate in all of the fun scheduled group photos, reconnect with colleagues, make new connections, establish new relationships, welcome new attendees, and celebrate the achievements of past and present WORLDSymposium Award Recipients. Download the WORLDSymposium 2025 program (PDF 200KB).

15:00The Patient Voice 2025Inequities in Access to Diagnosis, Care and Clinical Trials in Lysosomal Diseases?
16:30Speed Mentoring
18:00Be the Catalyst Event

After the presentation of the Innovation Award, the formal scientific sessions of WORLDSymposium 2025 officially began with presentations on laboratory research for lysosomal disease. Presentations during the Basic Science sessions are designed to improve our understanding or prediction of the phenomena involved in lysosomal pathology at a molecular, cellular, and animal model level in order to forwardly think about diagnosis and treatment of lysosomal conditions. These Basic Science sessions are always innovative and present the latest findings in the field. Download the WORLDSymposium 2025 program (PDF 200KB).

Basic Science

Co-Chairs: Lalitha Belur, Michael Przybilla, Dan Tagle

06:45Satellite Symposia
08:00Chester B. Whitley
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Welcome and Announcements
Presentation of 2025 Roscoe O. Brady Award to James M. Wilson
James M. Wilson
GEMMA Biotherapeutics (GEMMABio)
Philadelphia, PA, United States
Roscoe O. Brady Award Presentation
08:30Françoise Piguet
Paris Brain Institute
Paris, France
Development and validation of an intravenous AAV gene therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB in mouse and dog model of the pathology
Pratikshya Adhikari
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC, United States
AAV9-based gene replacement therapy targeting the root cause for the treatment of MPS IIID in mice

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Andres Felipe Leal
Nemours Children’s Health
Wilmington, DE, United States
Uncovering mitochondrial disturbances in MPS IVA chondrocytes

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Angelica Maria Herreno Pachon
University of Delaware
Wilmington, DE, United States
Crispr/Cas9-edited hematopoietic stem cells rescue MPS IVA fibroblasts phenotype

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Moderated Q&APiguet, Adhikari, Leal, Herreno Pachon
09:30Lachlan J. Smith
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, United States
Postnatal progression of skeletal disease in mucopolysaccharidosis type VI dogs: Preliminary findings
Maria Fuller
SA Pathology
North Adelaide, Australia
Utility of signature specific biomarkers for the mucopolysaccharidoses: 8 years experience in the diagnostic laboratory
Shih-Chang Hsueh
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
New York, NY, United States
A cyclic oligosaccharide structure as a novel therapeutic strategy for Krabbe disease
Rachel Wurth
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, MN, United States
Characterizing and validating the small molecule signature of Krabbe disease plasma using untargeted metabolomics analysis
Moderated Q&ASmith, Fuller, Hsueh, Wurth
10:30Break
11:00Chester B. Whitley
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
PS Gene-editing system corrects the CNS with blood-brain barrier penetrant ApoE-enzymes
Ewa A. Ziolkowska
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, MO, United States
Treatment of dysphagia associated pathologies in CLN3 deficient mice via gene therapy

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Nathan Phan
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Biomarker potential of allele-specific extracellular vesicles in Gaucher disease
Parisa Amirifar
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, NC, United States
Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) combined with transient low-dose methotrexate (TLD-MTX) results in age- and disease-dependent immune profile changes in infantile- vs. late-onset Pompe disease patients
Moderated Q&AWhitley, Ziolkowska, Phan, Amirifar
12:00Break and Satellite Symposia
13:30Allan Feng
Stanford University
Stanford, CA, United States
A novel murine model for neuronopathic Gaucher disease

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Shu Xing
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, CT, United States
Apoe-Abca1 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of Gaucher disease
Luisa Natalia Pimentel Vera
Stanford University
Palo Alto, CA, United States
Correction of GD1 pathology by genome edited murine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Magali Pettazzoni
Lyon University Hospital
Lyon, France
When technology improves diagnosis: Incidental discovery of ASMD in patients suspected with Gaucher disease
Moderated Q&AFeng, Xing, Pimentel Vera, Pettazzoni
14:30David Dmitrivich Smerkous
University of Washington
Seattle, WA, United States
Quantification of globotriaosylceramide (GL3) in peritubular capillary endothelial cells (PTCEC) in kidney biopsies from patients with Fabry disease using machine learning
Abdullah Hoter
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
Hannover, Germany
Cellular uptake and function of recombinant pegunigalsidase alfa in fibroblasts from Fabry patients
Anna Reinelt
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
Hamburg, Germany
Advancing cardiac disease modeling in Fabry cardiomyopathy by utilizing patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, heart organoids, and engineered heart tissue

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Malte Lenders
University Hospital Muenster
Muenster, Germany
Biochemical amenability in Fabry disease patients under chaperone therapy – how and when to test
Moderated Q&ASmerkous, Hoter, Reinelt, Lenders
15:30Poster SessionExhibit Hall (Seaport Ballroom)
15:30Industry Expert TheaterSeaport Foyer
17:45Satellite Symposia

After the presentation of the 2025 Young Investigator Awards and the Patient Advocate Leader (PAL) awards, the entirety of the research presentations on Wednesday are dedicated to the Translational Research category. In 2025, many of the presentations will be dedicated to research topics in gene therapy, including innovations occurring in genetic therapeutic approaches in translation from laboratory to the clinic. Download the WORLDSymposium 2025 program (PDF 200KB).

Translational Research

Co-Chairs: Tierra Bobo, PJ Brooks, Francyne Kubaski

06:45Satellite Symposia
08:00Chester B. Whitley
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Welcome and Announcements
Presentation of 2025 Patient Advocate Leader (PAL) Award to Maria Kefalas, Dean Suhr and Teryn Suhr and 2025 Young Investigator Awards Presentation
08:30Edina Poletto
Stanford University
Stanford, CA, United States
Investigational new drug-enabling studies for genome-edited hematopoietic stem cells to treat mucopolysaccharidosis type I
Roselena S. Schuh
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre, Brazil
Evaluation of off-target events after an intravenous injection of liposomal CRISPR/Cas9 complex in vivo

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Troy Lund
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Changes in CSF GAG after intravenous enzyme replacement therapy
Kim M. Hemsley
Flinders University
Bedford Park, Australia
Short-term daily treatment of MPS IIIA mice with rosmarinic acid is neuroprotective.
Moderated Q&APoletto, Schuh, Lund, Hemsley
09:30Brian Bigger
University of Edinburgh
Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Long-term HSC gene therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB mice corrects disease with no evidence of insertional mutagenesis despite high vector copy numbers
Betul Celik
University of Delaware
Newark, DE, United States
In vivo direct bone targeting lentiviral gene therapy for MPS IVA murine model
Sampurna Saikia
University of Delaware
Newark, DE, United States
Immune modulation for AAV-9 gene therapy by oral administration of peptides for GALNS enables the vector re-administration in MPS IVA
Karthikeyan Rajagopal
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, United States
In vitro development and in vivo evaluation of intra-articular GUSB mRNA therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type VII
Moderated Q&ABigger, Celik, Saikia, Rajagopal
10:30Break and Exhibits
11:00Alberto B. Burlina
University Hospital of Padua
Padua, Italy
Neonatal screening for Fabry disease and long-term follow-up: The role of plasma globotriaosylsphingosine (LysoGb3) assay
Paige Nowlin
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, MA, United States
Enabling CNS delivery of rhGAA in GAA -/- mice using focused ultrasound
Robert J. Hopkin
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, OH, United States
Miglustat: A first-in-class enzyme stabilizer for late-onset Pompe disease
Aimee Donald
University of Manchester
Manchester, United Kingdom
Two hundred and fifty cases of “Gaucher disease type 2”: A novel system of clinical categorization and evidence of genotype:phenotype correlation

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Moderated Q&ABurlina, Nowlin, Hopkin, Donald
12:00Break, Exhibits and Satellite Symposia
13:30Patrick B. Deegan
Addenbrooke’s Hospital
Cambridge, United Kingdom
Algorithmic case finding approaches for Gaucher Disease type 1 in primary care records
Pasqualina Colella
Stanford University
Palo Alto, CA, United States
Genome-edited autologous stem cell transplantation with enhanced brain conditioning to correct progranulin deficiency
Akhil Kulkarni
National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, United States
A novel AAV-based gene therapy strategy reverses lethality in a murine model of neuronopathic Gaucher disease
Krystyna Noelle Rytel
National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, United States
A genome-wide CRISPR activation screen to identify beta-glucocerebrosidase modifiers

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Moderated Q&ADeegan, Colella, Kulkarni, Rytel
14:30Keerthana Iyer
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA, United States
Porous microcarriers for sustained delivery of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles to treat joint disease in the mucopolysaccharidoses
Michael J. Przybilla
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Improving blood-brain barrier penetration in Hurler syndrome using an IDUA-ApoE fusion enzyme delivered via the PS Gene Editing System
Megan Joy Clarke
Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Children’s Hospital at Montefiore
Bronx, NY, United States
Screenplus: An assay-based multi-tiered testing model for expanded NBS
Dau-Ming Niu
Taipei Veterans General Hospital
Taipei, Taiwan
Applications of a rapid real time analysis system for whole genome/exome sequencing in newborn screening
Moderated Q&AIyer, Przybilla, Clarke, Niu
15:30Poster SessionExhibit Hall (Seaport Ballroom)
15:30Industry Expert TheaterSeaport Foyer
17:45Satellite Symposia

Thursday begins with a keynote address from Dr. Peter Marks: Advancing the Frontier of Gene Therapy.Following Dr. Marks’ address, the presentations shift to Clinical Applications, including abstracts on Clinical Trials for Registration. Abstracts presented in this category had a US FDA Investigational New Drug (IND) application for a phase I-III clinical trial or hold an EMA Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier (IMPD) or equivalent. Clinical Outcomes abstracts will also be presented. Download the WORLDSymposium 2025 program (PDF 200KB).

Clinical Applications

Co-Chairs: Uma Ramaswami, Filippo Vairo, Ray Wang

06:45Satellite Symposia
08:00Chester B. Whitley
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Welcome and Keynote Speaker Introduction
 Peter Marks
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food & Drug Administration (FDA)
Silver Spring, MD, United States
Keynote Address: 
Advancing the Frontier of Gene Therapy
08:30Connor J. Lewis
National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, MD, United States
Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging metrics correlate with clinical outcomes following gene therapy in GM1 gangliosidosis patients

*2025 Young Investigator Award Recipient
Joseph Muenzer
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC, United States
Interim analysis of the efficacy and safety of weekly intravenous tividenofusp alfa in mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II): A phase 1/2 study
Paul Harmatz
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital
Oakland, CA, United States
Campsiite® phase i/ii/iii: an interim clinical study update of RGX-121, an investigational gene therapy for the treatment of neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II)
Mark Thomas
Royal Perth Hospital
Perth, Australia
Phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating 4D-310 in adults with Fabry disease cardiomyopathy: Interim analysis of cardiac and safety outcomes in patients with 21-42 months of follow up
Moderated Q&ALewis, Muenzer, Harmatz, Thomas
09:30Derralynn Hughes
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
London, United Kingdom
Isaralgagene civaparvovec (ST-920) gene therapy in adults with Fabry disease: Updated results from an ongoing phase 1/2 study (STAAR)
Alessandro Burlina
St. Bassiano Hospital
Bassano del Grappa, Italy
Reduced incidence of stroke in patients with Fabry disease treated with agalsidase beta: A matched analysis from the Fabry Registry
Christiane Auray-Blais
Université de Sherbrooke
Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
Fabry disease biomarker evaluation during a five-year gene therapy clinical trial
Aneal Khan
M.A.G.I.C. Clinic Ltd
Calgary, AB, Canada
Lentiviral gene therapy for Fabry disease – 5 year end of study analysis for the FACTS trial
Moderated Q&AHughes, Burlina, Auray-Blais, Khan
10:30Break and Exhibits
11:00Maria Ester Me Bernardo
San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy
Milan, Italy
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type I-Hurler syndrome (OTL-203): Interim skeletal, neurological and systemic outcomes from a phase I/II study
Francesca Fumagalli
IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
Milan, Italy
Atidarsagene autotemcel (autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy) preserves cognition, language, and speech and slows brain demyelination and atrophy in early-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy
Tahseen Mozaffar
University of California Irvine
Irvine, CA, United States
Azt845 gene replacement therapy for late-onset Pompe disease: An update on safety and preliminary efficacy data from FORTIS, a phase 1/2 open-label clinical study
Reena Sharma
Salford Royal Hospital
Salord, United Kingdom
Results from GALILEO1, a first in human clinical trial of FLT201 AAV-gene therapy in adult patients with Gaucher disease type 1
Moderated Q&ABernardo, Fumagalli, Mozaffar, Sharma
12:00Break, Exhibits and Satellite Symposia
13:30Roberto Giugliani
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Rainbow study: Phase 2 study of nizubaglustat as an investigational treatment for Niemann-Pick disease type C and GM2 gangliosidosis
Tatiana Bremova-Ertl
University of Bern
Bern, Switzerland
Long-term findings of N-acetyl-L-leucine for Niemann-Pick disease type C
Orna Staretz Chacham
Soroka Medical Center
Be’er Sheva, Israel
Trappsol® Cyclo™: open label treatment in the transportnpc™ sub-study in patients under the age of 3 diagnosed with Niemann -Pick disease type c1
Benedikt Schoser
Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Germany
Clinically important improvements in 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in adults with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) switching from alglucosidase alfa (alg) to cipaglucosidase alfa plus miglustat (cipa+mig) in the PROPEL study
Moderated Q&AGiugliani, Bremova-Ertl, Staretz Chacham, Schoser
14:30Maurizio Scarpa
University Hospital of Udine
Udine, Italy
Children with chronic acid sphingomyelinase deficiency treated with olipudase alfa for 4+ years show improvements or normalization in multiple disease manifestations: Final results of the ASCEND-Peds trial
Melissa Wasserstein
The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Bronx, NY, United States
Final results of the ASCEND trial: Continued or sustained improvements in hepatosplenomegaly, respiratory outcomes, and lipid profile after 4 years of olipudase alfa enzyme replacement therapy in adults with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Pilar Giraldo
Hopital Quirónsalud Zaragoza and Spanish Foundation for Gaucher Disease and other Lysosomal Disorders (FEETEG)
Zaragoza, Spain
Efficacy of eliglustat administered with and without imiglucerase in pediatric participants with Gaucher disease type 1 or type 3: The ELIKIDS study
Pramod K. Mistry
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, CT, United States
Long-term outcomes of imiglucerase treatment in children with Gaucher disease type 1 or type 3 starting therapy before the age of 2 years
Moderated Q&AScarpa, Wasserstein, Giraldo, Mistry
15:30Poster SessionExhibit Hall (Seaport Ballroom)
15:30Industry Expert TheaterSeaport Foyer
17:454th Annual Robert J. Gorlin SymposiumThe Situation Room: Gene Therapy in the Real World 

The fourth research day of the meeting begins with the New Treatment Awards. Then, for the sixth year, the Contemporary Forum will allow for presentation of scientific abstracts — Basic, Translational, and Clinical — submitted by industry first-author researchers. Although the first three days of WORLDSymposium were accredited and approved for CE credit, Commercial Interests were not eligible for ACCME accreditation. The Contemporary Forum allows commercial interests to present their work to the WORLDSymposium audience, in this non-CE session, while being held to all the same standards as the ACCME accredited sessions and scored for merit and interest by the same Program Committee.

Toward bringing the most recent research to the platform of WORLDSymposium 2025, after the late-breaking abstract submissions close on December 2, 2024, selected late-breaking abstracts will be identified by the Program Committee as being suitable for platform presentation. In order to provide access to the “hot-off-the-presses” content from these researchers, late-breaking abstracts will be reviewed and scored, and the top-scoring abstracts were selected for presentation during the 2025 meeting. Download the WORLDSymposium 2025 program (PDF 200KB).

Contemporary Forum, Late-breaking Science and the Rapid Fire Competition

Co-Chairs: Elizabeth Braunlin, Roberto Giugliani, Cynthia Tifft

06:45Satellite Symposia
08:00Chester B. Whitley
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Welcome and New Treatment Awards
08:30Heather Ann Lau
Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc
Novato, CA, United States
Treatment with UX111 gene therapy rapidly reduced heparan sulfate (HS) exposure in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and improved long-term cognitive function in children with mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA)
Daniel Virga
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
Tarrytown, NY, United States
Development of a durable gene therapy for targeting CNS and visceral pathologies in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Eugen Mengel
SphinCS
Hochheim, Germany
Efficacy results from a 12-month double-blind randomised trial of arimoclomol for treatment of Niemann-Pick disease type C- presenting are scored 4-domain NPC clinical severity scale
Tyler Picariello
Dyne Therapeutics
Waltham, MA, United States
The FORCE platform delivers acid alpha-glucosidase to muscle as well as central nervous system and resolves pathology in Pompe disease mice
Moderated Q&ALau, Virga, Mengel, Picariello
09:30Frances M. Platt
University of Oxford
Oxford, United Kingdom
Insights into the mechanism of action of a acetyl-leucine as a therapeutic for lysosomal diseases
John A. Bernat
University of Iowa Health Care
Iowa City, IA, United States
Extending the interval between pegunigalsidase alfa infusions in patients with Fabry disease: Five-year interim results from the ongoing BRIGHT51 study
Late-Breaking Abstract2 Speakers To Be Announced (TBA) with Moderated Q&A
Moderated Q&APlatt, Bernat
10:30Break
11:00Late-Breaking Abstract4 Speakers To Be Announced (TBA) with Moderated Q&A
Moderated Q&A
12:00Break and Satellite Symposia

Rapid Fire Competition

New in 2025: The fast-paced and energetic Rapid Fire Competition. Format will be a 5-minute, 5-slide presentation, followed by 5 minutes of live audience Q&A. Speakers will be competing for prizes, and the audience will vote for their favorites.

Co-Chairs: Rebecca Ahrens-Nicklas, Amy Gaviglio, Marc Patterson

13:30Melissa A. Calton
4D Molecular Therapeutics
Emeryville, CA, United States
Non-clinical evaluation of 4D-310 in combination with rituximab/sirolimus: A translational study to support adoption of a novel prophylactic immunomodulation regimen in clinical trials in adults with Fabry disease
13:40Shiny Nair
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, CT, United States
Molecular cell atlas of the brain in neuronopathic Gaucher disease
13:50Tippi C. MacKenzie
University of California San Francisco
San Francisco, CA, United States
Interim results from a first in human phase 1 clinical trial of in utero enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal disorders
14:00Dawn A. Laney
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, GA, United States
Development and validation of an automated predictive scoring system to identify patients at increased risk for Fabry disease using Japanese electronic cardiac failure data
14:10Emily Eshraghian
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Long term enzyme replacement therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplant results in immune tolerance and improved biochemical outcomes
14:20Slawomir Wantuch
Orchard Therapeutics
London, United Kingdom
Correction of glycogen accumulation in muscle, heart and CNS in a pre-clinical model of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for Pompe disease
14:30Michael H. Gelb
University of Washington
Seattle, WA, United States
Massively parallel biochemical annotation of VOUS for lysosomal disorders
14:40Jennifer Goldstein
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC, United States
Pseudodeficiency: A poorly defined and misunderstood term in an era of precision medicine
14:50Miles Clark Greenberg
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, MN, United States
Heparan sulfate reduction in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with long-term cognitive outcomes in Hurler syndrome.
15:00Rapid Fire AbstractSpeaker To Be Announced (TBA)
15:10Rapid Fire AbstractSpeaker To Be Announced (TBA)
15:20Rapid Fire AbstractSpeaker To Be Announced (TBA)
15:30WORLDSymposium 2025 Adjourns

*This will be a preliminary program only. ALL times and speakers will be subject to change. Be sure to check back weekly as updates are made.

Basic Science, Translational Research, and Clinical Application Sessions are available for CE credits. Contemporary Forum and Late-Breaking Science Sessions are not available for CE credits, however CEUs for GCs may apply.

Attention to All Platform Speakers: It is the policy of WORLDSymposium to publish all abstracts with the list of authors exactly as the abstract was submitted to WORLDSymposium. The first author of the submitted abstract will be listed as the Platform Speaker (presenting author) on the Preliminary Program, Agenda, and Poster List.

All requests for changes to the Platform Speaker (presenting author) will be reviewed by the WORLDSymposium Planning Committee prior to approval. No changes will be made to the Preliminary Program posted online; any changes to the Platform Speaker will be announced from the podium by the Moderators only at the time of the platform presentation. The Preliminary Program will remain published with the original first author, and all communication will continue to go to the first author of the abstract.

The submitting first author will continue to receive all instructions from the automated abstract notification system. Please be sure that the first author is aware they will need to forward any email instructions for PowerPoint preparation, and for advance review of presentations. Meeting the presentation guidelines and submitting presentations for prior review must be done to meet ACCME accreditation requirements.

Reference the Frequently Asked Questions pages for additional information.